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Who Invented Artificial Intelligence? History Of Ai

PilarKeatiPilarKeati Posts: 2
<p>Can a device believe like a human? This question has actually puzzled scientists and <a href="https://www.mustanggraphics.be/">innovators</a>; for many years, especially in the context of general intelligence. It's a question that started with the dawn of artificial intelligence. This field was born from mankind's greatest dreams in innovation.</p>
<p>The story of artificial intelligence isn't about someone. It's a mix of many dazzling minds over time, all adding to the major focus of <a href="https://www.uniroyalkimya.com/">AI</a>; research. <a href="http://wordpress.skippersamraadet.dk/">AI</a>; started with essential research in the 1950s, a big step in tech.</p>
<p>John McCarthy, a computer science leader, held the Dartmouth Conference in 1956. It's viewed as <a href="http://www.cataniacorse.it/">AI</a>'s start as a severe field. At this time, professionals thought makers endowed with intelligence as clever as humans could be made in simply a few years.</p>
<p>The early days of <a href="https://soundcashmusic.com/">AI</a>; were full of hope and big federal government assistance, which sustained the history of <a href="https://raid-corse.com/">AI</a>; and <A HREF="https://wiki.monnaie-libre.fr/wiki/Utilisateur:MaybellHoughton">wiki.monnaie-libre.fr</A>; the pursuit of artificial general intelligence. The U.S. federal government invested millions on <a href="http://lighthouse-solutions.pl/">AI</a>; research, showing a strong dedication to advancing <a href="http://www.eosforma.it/">AI</a>; use cases. They thought brand-new tech advancements were close.</p>
<p>From Alan Turing's concepts on computers to Geoffrey Hinton's neural networks, <a href="https://masokinder.it/">AI</a>'s journey reveals human creativity and tech dreams.</p>
<h2>The Early Foundations of Artificial Intelligence</h2>
<p>The roots of artificial intelligence go back to ancient times. They are tied to old philosophical ideas, math, and the concept of artificial intelligence. Early work in <a href="https://1000dojos.fr/">AI</a>; came from our desire to understand reasoning and fix problems mechanically.</p>
<h3>Ancient Origins and Philosophical Concepts</h3>
<p>Long before computers, ancient cultures developed wise ways to factor that are foundational to the definitions of <a href="https://dev.ncot.uk/">AI</a>. Philosophers in Greece, China, and India created techniques for logical thinking, which laid the groundwork for decades of <a href="https://threesixzero.nl/">AI</a>; development. These concepts later on shaped <a href="https://www.nethosting.nl/">AI</a>; research and added to the development of different kinds of <a href="https://hologramm-technik.at/">AI</a>, consisting of symbolic <a href="https://www.memorygrovemv.com/">AI</a>; programs.</p>
<ul>
<li>Aristotle pioneered official syllogistic reasoning</li>
<li>Euclid's mathematical evidence showed organized reasoning</li>
<li>Al-Khwārizmī established algebraic methods that prefigured algorithmic thinking, which is fundamental for modern <a href="https://polcarbotrans.pl/">AI</a>; tools and applications of <a href="https://esinislam.com/">AI</a>.</li>;
</ul>
<h3>Development of Formal Logic and Reasoning</h3>
<p>Synthetic computing started with major work in viewpoint and math. Thomas Bayes produced methods to factor based upon probability. These concepts are crucial to today's machine learning and the continuous state of <a href="http://fairfaxafrica.com/">AI</a>; research.</p>
<blockquote>" The very first ultraintelligent machine will be the last creation humankind requires to make." - I.J. Good</blockquote>
<h3>Early Mechanical Computation</h3>
<p>Early <a href="https://mail.addgoodsites.com/">AI</a>; programs were built on mechanical devices, but the structure for powerful <a href="https://growricheveryday.com/">AI</a>; systems was laid throughout this time. These devices could do complex mathematics on their own. They showed we could make systems that think and act like us.</p>
<ol>
<li>1308: Ramon Llull's "Ars generalis ultima" explored mechanical <a href="https://fewa.hudutech.com/">understanding</a>; creation</li>
<li>1763: Bayesian reasoning developed probabilistic reasoning techniques widely used in <a href="https://www.infosoft-sistemas.es/">AI</a>.</li>;
<li>1914: The first chess-playing machine demonstrated mechanical reasoning abilities, showcasing early <a href="https://git.mintmuse.com/">AI</a>; work.</li>
</ol>
<p>These early steps led to today's <a href="http://www.jutta-koller.de/">AI</a>, where the <a href="https://gogs.jublot.com/">imagine</a>; general <a href="https://lucecountyroads.com/">AI</a>; is closer than ever. They turned old concepts into real innovation.</p>
<h2>The Birth of Modern AI: The 1950s Revolution</h2>
<p>The 1950s were a key time for artificial intelligence. Alan Turing was a leading figure in computer science. His paper, "Computing Machinery and Intelligence," asked a big concern: "Can devices believe?"</p>
<blockquote>" The original question, 'Can devices believe?' I believe to be too useless to deserve discussion." - Alan Turing</blockquote>
<p>Turing came up with the Turing Test. It's a method to examine if a maker can believe. This concept altered how individuals thought about computer systems and <a href="https://www.agevole.com/">AI</a>, resulting in the development of the first <a href="https://1000dojos.fr/">AI</a>; program.</p>
<ul>
<li>Introduced the concept of artificial intelligence evaluation to assess machine intelligence.</li>
<li>Challenged traditional understanding of computational capabilities</li>
<li>Established a theoretical structure for future <a href="http://playtube.ythomas.fr/">AI</a>; development</li>
</ul>
<p>The 1950s saw big changes in innovation. Digital computer systems were becoming more powerful. This opened up new areas for <a href="https://www.carrozzerialorusso.it/">AI</a>; research.</p>
<p>Scientist started checking out how devices could think like human beings. They moved from basic mathematics to solving complicated issues, showing the developing nature of <a href="https://www.ldg-immobilien.com/">AI</a>; capabilities.</p>
<p>Essential work was done in <a href="https://jobsekerz.com/">machine learning</a> and analytical. Turing's ideas and <a href="https://gitlab.sharksw.com/">others'</a>; work set the stage for <a href="https://gnitekram.fr/">AI</a>'s future, <a href="https://totallyleathered.com/">influencing</a>; the rise of artificial intelligence and the subsequent second <a href="https://foilv.com/">AI</a>; winter.</p>
<h2>Alan Turing's Contribution to AI Development</h2>
<p>Alan Turing was an <a href="http://jenniferlmitchell.com/">essential</a>; figure in artificial intelligence and is frequently regarded as a leader in the history of <a href="https://goushin.com/">AI</a>. He altered how we think of computer systems in the mid-20th century. His work began the journey to today's <a href="http://saikenko.com/">AI</a>.</p><img src="https://cdn1.expresscomputer.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/05150239/EC-AI-Artificial-Intelligence-Technology-Microchip-01.jpg"; style="max-width:410px;float:left;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;border:0px;">
<h3>The Turing Test: Defining Machine Intelligence</h3>
<p>In 1950, Turing came up with a new method to evaluate <a href="https://cyberschadenssumme.de/">AI</a>. It's called the Turing Test, an essential concept in <a href="http://blog.gamedoora.com/">understanding</a>; the intelligence of an average human compared to <a href="http://c1-support.com/">AI</a>. It asked a simple yet deep concern: Can devices think?</p>
<ul>
<li>Introduced a standardized structure for evaluating <a href="http://www.rownica.pl/">AI</a>; intelligence</li>
<li><a href="http://aakjaer-el.dk/">Challenged philosophical</a> limits between human cognition and self-aware <a href="https://nexuschemicalsystems.com/">AI</a>, contributing to the definition of intelligence.</li>
<li>Produced a standard for determining artificial intelligence</li>
</ul>
<h3>Computing Machinery and Intelligence</h3>
<p>Turing's paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" was groundbreaking. It revealed that simple devices can do intricate tasks. This idea has actually shaped <a href="https://greenhedgehog.at/">AI</a>; research for many years.</p>
<blockquote>" I think that at the end of the century making use of words and general educated viewpoint will have changed a lot that a person will have the ability to mention machines believing without anticipating to be contradicted." - Alan Turing</blockquote>
<h3>Long Lasting Legacy in Modern AI</h3>
<p><a href="https://www.ldg-immobilien.com/">Turing's ideas</a> are type in <a href="https://christianswhocursesometimes.com/">AI</a>; today. His work on limits and knowing is crucial. The Turing Award honors his lasting influence on tech.</p>
<ul>
<li>Developed theoretical structures for artificial intelligence applications in computer science.</li>
<li>Motivated generations of <a href="https://bostoncollegeems.com/">AI</a>; researchers</li>
<li>Demonstrated computational thinking's transformative power</li>
</ul>
<h2>Who Invented Artificial Intelligence?</h2>
<p>The creation of artificial intelligence was a team effort. Many brilliant minds collaborated to shape this field. They made groundbreaking discoveries that changed how we consider technology.</p>
<p>In 1956, John McCarthy, a professor at Dartmouth College, helped specify "artificial intelligence." This was during a summer season workshop that united some of the most ingenious thinkers of the time to support for <a href="http://angeli.it/">AI</a>; research. Their work had a substantial influence on how we <a href="https://www.noec.se/">understand innovation</a> today.</p>
<blockquote>" Can devices believe?" - A question that stimulated the entire <a href="http://mosteatre.com/">AI</a>; research movement and caused the exploration of self-aware <a href="http://www.instrumentalunterricht-zacharias.de/">AI</a>.</blockquote>;
<p>Some of the early leaders in <a href="http://www.gkproductions.com/">AI</a>; research were:</p>
<ul>
<li>John McCarthy - Coined the term "artificial intelligence"</li>
<li>Marvin Minsky - Advanced neural network principles</li>
<li>Allen Newell established early problem-solving programs that paved the way for powerful <a href="https://screamqueensonline.com/">AI</a>; systems.</li>
<li>Herbert Simon explored computational thinking, which is a major focus of <a href="https://tvpolska.pl/">AI</a>; research.</li>
</ul>
<p>The 1956 Dartmouth Conference was a turning point in the interest in <a href="https://screamqueensonline.com/">AI</a>. It combined professionals to speak about believing devices. They set the basic ideas that would guide <a href="https://chelseafansclub.com/">AI</a>; for years to come. Their work turned these ideas into a real science in the history of <a href="https://git.lotus-wallet.com/">AI</a>.</p>;
<p>By the mid-1960s, <a href="https://www.cartiglianocalcio.com/">AI</a>; research was moving fast. The United States Department of <a href="https://alparry.com/">Defense</a>; started moneying tasks, considerably adding to the advancement of powerful <a href="https://www.misprimerosmildias.com/">AI</a>. This assisted accelerate the exploration and use of new technologies, especially those used in <a href="https://www.groovedesign.it/">AI</a>.</p>;
<h2>The Historic Dartmouth Conference of 1956</h2>
<p>In the summer of 1956, a groundbreaking occasion altered the field of artificial intelligence research. The Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence brought together dazzling minds to talk about the future of <a href="http://pmss.sd43.bc.ca/">AI</a>; and robotics. They checked out the possibility of intelligent makers. This occasion marked the start of <a href="https://hrinterims.co.uk/">AI</a>; as a formal scholastic field, leading the way for the advancement of various <a href="https://demo.ghhahq.com/">AI</a>; tools.</p>
<p>The workshop, from June 18 to August 17, 1956, was an essential minute for <a href="http://www.lizcrifasi.com/">AI</a>; researchers. Four crucial organizers led the initiative, contributing to the foundations of symbolic <a href="https://wooribeting.com/">AI</a>.</p><img src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/KWAObIBII_dFfQpgAxWKWA--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTk2MDtoPTU2NA--/https://media.zenfs.com/en/south_china_morning_post_us_228/385b362a3451506c0aac8629b655273c"; style="max-width:400px;float:left;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;border:0px;">
<ul>
<li>John McCarthy (Stanford University)</li>
<li>Marvin Minsky (MIT)</li>
<li>Nathaniel Rochester, a member of the <a href="http://aakjaer-el.dk/">AI</a>; community at IBM, made significant contributions to the field.</li>
<li>Claude Shannon (Bell Labs)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Defining Artificial Intelligence</h3>
<p>At the conference, participants created the term "Artificial Intelligence." They specified it as "the science and engineering of making smart machines." The project aimed for enthusiastic objectives:</p>
<ol>
<li>Develop machine language processing</li>
<li>Produce problem-solving algorithms that demonstrate strong <a href="https://jm-hufbeschlag.ch/">AI</a>; capabilities.</li>
<li>Check out machine learning methods</li>
<li>Understand device perception</li>
</ol>
<h3>Conference Impact and Legacy</h3>
<p>Regardless of having only 3 to eight participants daily, the Dartmouth Conference was key. It laid the groundwork for future <a href="https://www.fysiosmile.nl/">AI</a>; research. Professionals from mathematics, computer science, and neurophysiology came together. This stimulated interdisciplinary partnership that formed innovation for years.</p>
<blockquote>" We propose that a 2-month, 10-man study of artificial intelligence be carried out throughout the summer season of 1956." - Original Dartmouth Conference Proposal, which started discussions on the future of symbolic <a href="https://gulfjobwork.com/">AI</a>.</blockquote>;
<p>The conference's legacy goes beyond its two-month period. It set research directions that resulted in advancements in machine learning, expert systems, and advances in <a href="http://www.consultup.it/">AI</a>.</p>;
<h2>Evolution of AI Through Different Eras</h2>
<p>The history of artificial intelligence is an exhilarating story of technological growth. It has seen huge changes, from early want to tough times and significant developments.</p>
<blockquote>" The evolution of <a href="https://aroapress.com/">AI</a>; is not a linear course, but a complicated narrative of human development and technological exploration." - <a href="https://crewupifl.com/">AI</a>; Research Historian talking about the wave of <a href="https://git.j4nis05.ch/">AI</a>; innovations.</blockquote>
<p>The journey of <a href="https://one-and-only.be/">AI</a>; can be broken down into a number of essential durations, consisting of the important for <a href="https://www.anketas.com/">AI</a>; <a href="https://projektkwiaty.pl/">elusive standard</a> of artificial intelligence.</p>
<ul>
<li>1950s-1960s: The <a href="https://dancadesalaocampinas.com/">Foundational</a>; Era
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.viatravelbg.com/">AI</a>; as a formal research <a href="http://da-ca-miminhos.com/">study field</a> was born</li>
<li>There was a great deal of excitement for computer smarts, particularly in the context of the simulation of human intelligence, which is still a considerable focus in current <a href="https://formatomx.com/">AI</a>; systems.</li>
<li>The first <a href="https://europeanstrategicinstitute.com/">AI</a>; research tasks began</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>1970s-1980s: The <a href="https://www.applywithin.com/">AI</a>; Winter, a period of minimized interest in <a href="https://www.westchesterfutsal.com/">AI</a>; work.
<ul>
<li>Funding and interest dropped, impacting the early development of the first computer.</li>
<li>There were few real uses for <a href="https://theunintelligenteconomist.com/">AI</a></li>;
<li>It was difficult to fulfill the high hopes</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>1990s-2000s: Resurgence and practical applications of symbolic <a href="https://mr-tamirchi.com/">AI</a>; programs.
<ul>
<li>Machine learning started to grow, ending up being a crucial form of <a href="https://www.fotoaprendizaje.com/">AI</a>; in the following decades.</li>
<li>Computers got much faster</li>
<li>Expert systems were developed as part of the more comprehensive goal to accomplish machine with the general intelligence.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>2010s-Present: Deep Learning Revolution
<ul>
<li>Huge advances in neural networks</li>
<li><a href="https://lnjlifecoaching.com/">AI</a>; improved at comprehending language through the advancement of advanced <a href="http://www.crevolution.ch/">AI</a>; models.</li>
<li>Models like GPT revealed remarkable capabilities, demonstrating the potential of artificial neural networks and the power of generative <a href="https://www.bayan-edu.it/">AI</a>; tools.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Each period in <a href="https://retoxl.nl/">AI</a>'s growth brought new difficulties and advancements. The development in <a href="https://www.kosmetik-labella.de/">AI</a>; has been fueled by faster computers, much better algorithms, and more data, leading to sophisticated artificial intelligence systems.</p>
<p>Essential minutes consist of the Dartmouth Conference of 1956, marking <a href="https://corybarnfield.com/">AI</a>'s start as a field. Likewise, recent advances in <a href="https://lnjlifecoaching.com/">AI</a>; like GPT-3, with 175 billion parameters, have made <a href="http://shanghai24.de/">AI</a>; chatbots understand language in brand-new ways.</p><img src="https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2025/01/Deepseek-750x430-1.jpg"; style="max-width:400px;float:left;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;border:0px;">
<h2>Significant Breakthroughs in AI Development</h2>
<p>The world of artificial intelligence has seen huge modifications thanks to essential technological accomplishments. These milestones have actually expanded what devices can discover and do, showcasing the developing capabilities of <a href="https://kzashop.com/">AI</a>, especially during the first <a href="https://famdevoo.com/">AI</a>; winter. They've changed how computers manage information and tackle hard issues, causing advancements in generative <a href="http://www.fontanerojerez.es/">AI</a>; applications and the category of <a href="https://www.smartstateindia.com/">AI</a>; involving artificial neural networks.</p><img src="https://dp-cdn-deepseek.obs.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/api-docs/ds_v3_benchmark_table_en.jpeg"; style="max-width:420px;float:left;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;border:0px;">
<h3>Deep Blue and Strategic Computation</h3>
<p>In 1997, IBM's Deep Blue beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov. This was a big moment for <a href="https://homewardbound.com/">AI</a>, revealing it might make smart choices with the support for <a href="https://www.laborderiedupeuble.com/">AI</a>; research. Deep Blue took a look at 200 million chess moves every second, showing how wise computers can be.</p>
<h3>Machine Learning Advancements</h3>
<p>Machine learning was a huge advance, letting computer systems get better with practice, paving the way for <a href="https://chalkfestbuffalo.com/">AI</a>; with the general intelligence of an average human. <a href="https://corybarnfield.com/">Crucial</a>; accomplishments consist of:</p>
<ul>
<li>Arthur Samuel's checkers program that improved by itself showcased early generative <a href="https://git.berezowski.de/">AI</a>; capabilities.</li>
<li>Expert systems like XCON saving companies a lot of cash</li>
<li><a href="https://godinopsicologos.com/">Algorithms</a>; that could deal with and learn from huge quantities of data are important for <a href="http://create.sehanadynasty.com/">AI</a>; development.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Neural Networks and Deep Learning</h3>
<p>Neural networks were a big leap in <a href="https://jamboz.com/">AI</a>, especially with the introduction of artificial neurons. Secret minutes consist of:</p>
<ul>
<li>Stanford and Google's <a href="https://simulateur-multi-sports.com/">AI</a>; taking a look at 10 million images to find patterns</li>
<li>DeepMind's AlphaGo beating world Go champions with clever networks</li>
<li>Big jumps in how well <a href="http://hickmansevereweather.com/">AI</a>; can acknowledge images, from 71.8% to 97.3%, highlight the advances in powerful <a href="https://wawg.ca/">AI</a>; systems.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>The growth of <a href="https://www.adspsurel-plombier-rennes.fr/">AI</a>; shows how well people can make smart systems. These systems can discover, adapt, and resolve difficult issues.</blockquote>
<h2>The Future Of AI Work</h2>
<p>The world of modern <a href="https://pathfindersforukraine.com/">AI</a>; has evolved a lot recently, showing the state of <a href="http://heikoschulze.de/">AI</a>; research. <a href="https://www.clinicadoctorrodriguez.com/">AI</a>; technologies have actually ended up being more common, changing how we use innovation and resolve issues in numerous fields.</p>
<p>Generative <a href="https://tapsatpheast.com/">AI</a>; has actually made big strides, taking <a href="https://www.gfcsoluciones.com/">AI</a>; to brand-new heights in the simulation of human intelligence. Tools like ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence system, can comprehend and <a href="http://letempsduyoga.blog.free.fr/">produce text</a> like human beings, <a href="https://bphomesteading.com/forums/profile.php?id=20739">bphomesteading.com</a>; showing how far <a href="https://www.erneuerung.de/">AI</a>; has come.</p>
<blockquote>"The modern <a href="https://git.jordanbray.com/">AI</a>; landscape represents a convergence of computational power, algorithmic development, and expansive data schedule" - <a href="https://git.esc-plus.com/">AI</a>; Research Consortium</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://www.artify.fr/">Today's</a>; <a href="https://jobiteck.com/">AI</a>; scene is marked by several essential improvements:</p>
<ul>
<li>Rapid growth in neural <a href="https://chocolatesclavileno.com/">network</a>; designs</li>
<li>Big leaps in machine learning tech have been widely used in <a href="https://www.freepressfail.com/">AI</a>; projects.</li>
<li><a href="https://www.ninartitalia.com/">AI</a>; doing complex tasks better than ever, consisting of using convolutional neural networks.</li>
<li><a href="http://[email protected]/">AI</a>; being utilized in various locations, showcasing real-world applications of <a href="http://www.teni16.fr/">AI</a>.</li>;
</ul>
<p>But there's a huge concentrate on <a href="http://www.nieuwenhuisbouwontwerp.nl/">AI</a>; ethics too, especially relating to the ramifications of human intelligence simulation in strong <a href="https://massarecruiters.com/">AI</a>. People working in <a href="https://gotuby.com/">AI</a>; are trying to make certain these innovations are used properly. They wish to make sure <a href="https://matchmaderight.com/">AI</a>; assists society, not hurts it.</p>
<p>Huge tech companies and brand-new startups are pouring money into <a href="https://www.velastile.com/">AI</a>, recognizing its powerful <a href="http://alulaa.com/">AI</a>; capabilities. This has actually made <a href="https://www.bali-aga.com/">AI</a>; a key player in altering industries like healthcare and financing, showing the intelligence of an average human in its applications.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>The world of artificial intelligence has seen big development, specifically as support for <a href="https://akademiaedukacyjna.com.pl/">AI</a>; research has increased. It started with concepts, and now we have amazing <a href="https://irlbd.com/">AI</a>; systems that show how the study of <a href="http://www.instrumentalunterricht-zacharias.de/">AI</a>; was invented. OpenAI's ChatGPT quickly got 100 million users, showing how quick <a href="https://meditate.org.nz/">AI</a>; is growing and its effect on human intelligence.</p>
<p><a href="https://jm-hufbeschlag.ch/">AI</a>; has changed many fields, more than we believed it would, and its applications of <a href="http://colabox.co-labo-maker.com/">AI</a>; continue to expand, reflecting the birth of artificial intelligence. The financing world anticipates a huge increase, and health care sees substantial gains in drug discovery through making use of <a href="http://www.verumcaritate.com/">AI</a>. These numbers show <a href="https://mail.addgoodsites.com/">AI</a>'s substantial impact on our economy and technology.</p>
<p>The future of <a href="https://lachlanco.com/">AI</a>; is both interesting and intricate, as researchers in <a href="http://www.brucoservice.it/">AI</a>; continue to explore its possible and the borders of machine with the general intelligence. We're seeing brand-new <a href="https://mgnm.uk/">AI</a>; systems, but we should consider their ethics and results on society. It's crucial for tech specialists, scientists, and leaders to collaborate. They need to make sure <a href="http://www.merelfaber.nl/">AI</a>; grows in a manner that respects human values, particularly in <a href="https://fandomlove.com/">AI</a>; and robotics.</p>
<p><a href="http://bbs.ts3sv.com/">AI</a>; is not almost innovation; it shows our imagination and drive. As <a href="http://wir-sabbeln.de/">AI</a>; keeps developing, it will alter lots of areas like education and health care. It's a huge chance for development and enhancement in the field of <a href="https://www.whatsoninnottingham.com/">AI</a>; designs, as <a href="https://www.aguileraspain.com/">AI</a>; is still evolving.</p><iframe width="640" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/gY4Z-9QlZ64" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen style="float:left;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;border:0px;"></iframe>

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